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Investors Push ESG Transparency, Rewriting Corporate Reporting Standards

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  Published in Business and Finance on Friday, December 19th 2025 at 15:00 GMT by Forbes

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Investors Push the ESG Frontier: How Transparency Is Becoming a Market Imperative

In recent months, the United States and Europe have witnessed a seismic shift in how corporate sustainability is measured, reported, and evaluated. The latest Forbes piece by Mary Foley—“How Investors Are Driving ESG Transparency”—charts the evolution of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) reporting in a world where capital flows are increasingly conditioned on data-driven sustainability metrics. The article traces a narrative that moves from investor activism and regulatory pressure to the emergence of new standards, data platforms, and a reshaping of corporate strategy.

1. Investor Demand as the Catalyst

The crux of Foley’s argument is that institutional investors are no longer satisfied with vague, self-reported ESG statements. Pension funds, sovereign wealth funds, and large asset managers now demand granular, comparable, and auditable data. In 2024 alone, the SEC’s Investor Sentiment Survey reported that over 70 % of institutional investors see ESG information as a key factor in portfolio construction. This trend is largely driven by the belief that ESG risk can materially affect financial performance, as demonstrated by the post‑pandemic acceleration of climate‑related litigation and supply‑chain disruptions.

2. Regulatory Momentum

The United States has taken a decisive turn. In late 2024, the SEC issued guidance requiring public companies to disclose material climate-related risks and to provide third‑party assurance of their ESG data. Foley highlights the significance of this move: the guidance effectively establishes a “minimum standard” for climate disclosures that applies to all listed firms. Meanwhile, the European Union has been ahead of the curve, mandating ESG disclosures under the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) and reinforcing the EU Taxonomy Regulation that defines what counts as “green” activity. Investors are now using these frameworks to compare firms across geographies, further amplifying the need for consistency.

3. The ESG Ratings Conundrum

A large portion of the article focuses on the ESG rating industry. Foley points out that the proliferation of rating agencies—MSCI, Sustainalytics, S&P Global, and newer entrants—has created a crowded marketplace where rating scales, data sources, and weighting methodologies differ dramatically. This lack of uniformity leads to “double‑counting” or “greenwashing,” where companies may appear favorable in one rating but underperform in another. Investors are responding by demanding that rating agencies disclose their methodologies and data provenance, and many fund managers now require their portfolio companies to undergo third‑party verification that aligns with ESG metrics they value.

4. Data Quality and Standardization Efforts

Beyond the numbers, the article underscores the quality of ESG data. Investors need reliable, audited data that can be integrated into quantitative models. Foley cites the development of the International Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB), which is working to create a global, IFRS‑based ESG reporting framework. In addition, the Climate Disclosure Standards Board (CDSB) and the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) are collaborating to produce overlapping guidelines that companies can use to align with both investors and regulators.

The article also touches on the role of emerging technologies. AI‑powered data aggregation platforms can parse millions of data points—from supply‑chain emissions to board diversity—to provide a composite ESG score that is both comprehensive and comparable. Investors are increasingly leveraging these tools to conduct “impact benchmarking” and to identify outliers within their holdings.

5. Corporate Response and the “ESG Playbook”

Companies, in turn, are re‑engineering their reporting processes. Many firms are adopting internal ESG data management systems that feed directly into investor portals. CFOs are treating ESG reporting as a core component of financial reporting, ensuring that the same rigor applied to balance sheets is also applied to sustainability metrics. Foley gives the example of a Fortune 500 consumer goods company that reduced its ESG reporting cycle from an annual audit to a quarterly data update, a move that earned praise from both investors and rating agencies.

Another trend highlighted in the article is the rise of “ESG‑centric” investment mandates. Asset managers are now creating dedicated ESG funds, often with a stated commitment to “zero‑carbon” or “human rights” portfolios. These mandates drive demand for consistent, high‑quality ESG data and encourage companies to adopt best‑practice reporting early, before the regulatory landscape tightens further.

6. Looking Ahead

The article concludes with a forward‑looking perspective: ESG transparency will become as entrenched as financial transparency over the next decade. The SEC’s ongoing rule‑making process, coupled with EU’s phased implementation of the CSRD, will create a globally harmonized reporting environment. Investors will continue to push for better data, and companies that fail to adapt risk being excluded from capital markets, face reputational damage, or lose out on cost‑of‑capital advantages.

Foley also hints at potential challenges. As ESG frameworks evolve, the risk of “ESG fatigue” among investors and the possibility of regulatory overreach remain concerns. Moreover, the reliance on third‑party assurance introduces new complexities regarding auditor independence and the potential for conflicts of interest.

In sum, Mary Foley’s Forbes piece paints a clear picture: investors are no longer passive recipients of sustainability data; they are active shapers of the ESG reporting ecosystem. Their insistence on transparency, combined with regulatory momentum and technological innovation, is forging a new era where sustainability performance is quantified, comparable, and integral to corporate value creation. Companies that can navigate this complex landscape—by embracing standardized reporting, securing reliable data pipelines, and engaging with the ESG rating community—stand to gain a competitive advantage in the capital markets of tomorrow.