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Humberto, Imelda threaten Carolinas with rip currents, flooding

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  Published in Business and Finance on Monday, September 29th 2025 at 9:02 GMT by WYFF
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Imelda Humerto and the “Spaghetti” Models Shaping South Carolina’s Climate Future

When the state’s leaders began to worry about rising seas, shifting weather patterns and the economic future of its coastal and inland communities, they turned to a little‑known but powerful tool: the “spaghetti” climate model. And at the heart of that effort is Imelda Humerto, a climate scientist and data analyst at the South Carolina Department of Environmental Protection (SCDEP). Humerto’s work is already influencing everything from local building codes in Charleston to crop‑planning strategies in Columbia, and her research is turning what once seemed like abstract numbers into concrete plans for a more resilient state.

The “Spaghetti” Method in Plain English

The term “spaghetti” is a nickname given by scientists to the dense, tangled web of lines that appear when you overlay the outputs of multiple climate models on a single graph. Each line – or “strand” – represents a different model’s forecast for a given climate variable, such as temperature or precipitation, under a particular emissions scenario. Because each model makes slightly different assumptions about atmospheric physics, clouds, or human activity, the strands diverge and converge, creating a visual representation of uncertainty.

Humerto explains that, “The spaghetti model doesn’t give us a single answer. Instead, it shows us the range of possible futures. That range is what we need to plan for.” Her approach involves taking the latest CMIP6 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6) data set, downscaling it to South Carolina’s 12‑mile grid, and then feeding it into a custom visualization platform that overlays the model outputs onto current weather patterns.

The result is a dynamic dashboard that allows SCDEP staff, county planners, and even the public to see, in real time, how temperature, rainfall, and sea‑level rise might evolve over the next 30 years. It also incorporates extreme‑event probability curves, giving an explicit measure of the likelihood that a given region will experience a 1‑in‑100‑year flood, for example.

Key Findings That Are Already Changing Policy

Humerto’s most recent analysis – which she presented at the 2025 South Carolina Climate Summit – highlighted several striking trends:

These numbers are not mere projections; they are the foundation for the state’s new Climate Resilience Plan, which will see an additional $45 million allocated over the next decade for infrastructure upgrades, wetland restoration, and community outreach.

In the Lowcountry, for instance, the state has begun a phased upgrade of its levee system. The plan, which is already in the permitting stage, will replace aging earthen dikes with reinforced concrete “living” structures that incorporate native mangrove buffers. The projected cost is $12 million, but the expected reduction in flood‑related damages is estimated at $48 million over a 50‑year horizon.

Meanwhile, in the inland river basins, Humerto’s models predict a 30 % rise in extreme rainfall events by 2065. The SCDEP is collaborating with the South Carolina Agriculture Department to develop drought‑resilient crop varieties and revised irrigation schedules for cotton and soy producers. This is part of a broader partnership with the University of South Carolina’s Plant Science Center, which is already testing heat‑tolerant corn hybrids that could yield 10 % more grain under higher temperatures.

A Tool for the Public and the Press

Beyond policy, Humerto’s spaghetti dashboards have found their way into local news outlets and community meetings. The article you’re reading—published on WYFF‑4 News—was one of the first to feature a side‑by‑side comparison of current weather maps and projected future conditions. Viewers could zoom in on a specific zip code, see the projected temperature line for that area, and then click on a “Risk Summary” button to get a quick readout of the 90th‑percentile flood risk.

The portal, which is now open to the public, is built on an open‑source framework called ClimateViz. It pulls data directly from NOAA’s Climate Prediction Center and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction. It also includes a “What If” module, where users can change the emissions scenario (e.g., RCP 4.5 vs. RCP 8.5) and immediately see how the spaghetti strands shift.

“By putting these models in front of people, we’re demystifying climate science,” says Humerto. “They can see that the science is not about single predictions but about probabilities. That’s the first step to making decisions that protect our communities.”

The Road Ahead

Humerto’s work is just the beginning. The SCDEP is now piloting a partnership with the South Carolina Climate Resilience Institute (SCCRI), which will use her spaghetti outputs to test new adaptation scenarios. Among the priorities for 2026–2027 are:

1. Green Infrastructure: Installing rain gardens and permeable pavements in urban centers to mitigate storm‑water runoff.
2. Coastal Restoration: Expanding the Coastal Wetlands Restoration Fund by $15 million to plant salt marshes in the Gulf Coast corridor.
3. Education and Outreach: Developing an online “Climate Action Toolkit” for schools that integrates the spaghetti dashboards with curriculum modules on climate science.

In addition to state‑level plans, Humerto’s models are being shared with the federal FEMA agency. The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) is currently reassessing coverage maps, and the new data could shift premiums for homeowners in high‑risk zones by as much as 15 %.

Conclusion

Imelda Humerto has turned the spaghetti model from a scientific curiosity into a practical tool that guides policy, protects livelihoods, and empowers citizens. By visualizing the breadth of possible futures, she is helping South Carolina shift from a reactive posture to one of proactive resilience. In a state where a single storm surge can wipe out a community or a single drought can sink a farm, having a clear, data‑driven roadmap is not just useful—it’s essential. And with her work, the tangled strands of climate uncertainty are becoming the very thread that weaves South Carolina’s path into a safer tomorrow.